Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Basal tumor markers are valuable in preoperative evaluation of medullary thyroid carcinoma (Calcitonin and CEA), but are insensitive and nonspecific for papilary thyroid cancer (thyroglobulin). Even if their utility is questionable or not recomended in the evaluation of thyroid nodules, in some cases refered to endocrinology department they are available and can be misleading. We present two cases of thyroid nodules with very high preoperative tumor markers.<p ...

Introduction: Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is highly prevalent during hospitalization of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), and has been associated with increased risk of hypoglycaemia in Intensive Care Units. However, this association in non-critically ill patients is less clear and evidence on the impact of AKI’s severity and duration on hypoglycaemia is lacking.Objectives: To assess the impact of AKI and its severity and duration on the risk of hy...

Introduction: Pregnancy is rare in patients with Cushing Disease (CD) owing to ovulatory dysfunction. When surgery is not curative, medical treatment is usually considered. Ketoconazole and mitotane, commonly used medical therapies, have questionable teratogenicity and are not often options in pregnancy. Cabergoline was found to be effective in reducing hypercortisolism in Cushing’s disease. Observational studies suggested that low dose cabergoline treatment at the time o...

Introduction: Atypical pituitary adenomas have higher risk of aggressive behaviour in particular by the higher growth, local invasion and high risk of recurrence after surgery. In acromegaly the resistance to somatostatin analogues may be another manifestation of these adenomas since higher levels of Ki-67 are associated with poor response to therapy.Case report: A 41-year-old woman presented to our consult with history of headaches, growth of the hands,...

Introduction: Recent advances in medicine have allowed a considerably decrease in mortality after traumatic brain injury (TBI) with the consequent increment in the number of subjects with physical, psychological and cognitive sequelas which means an important worsening of quality of life as well as difficulties in social and labour integration. Considering that many of the symptoms classically attributed to the TBI (memory impairment, concentration impairment, fatigue, social ...

Introduction: Iodine is the key element for the synthesis of thyroid hormones and its intake modulates the physiology and physiopathology of thyroid gland. In Portugal, endemic goiter has disappeared, but some data make us consider that iodine intake, as in other European areas, is far from being sufficient. Taking into account the potential harmful effects of moderate iodine deficiency during pregnancy, when needs are increased, and the absence of recent data on iodine intake...

Introduction: Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCHT) in pregnancy has been associated with adverse obstetric and perinatal outcomes. However, few studies have investigated the evolution of postpartum thyroid function in women first diagnosed with SCHT in pregnancy (gestational SCHT).Objective: To determine the evolution of thyroid function (TF) and the clinical and biochemical factors related to the long-term persistence of hypothyroidism (HT) in women with g...

IntroductionPost parathyroidectomy cure in primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is defined as normocalcemia six months after surgery. The frequency of persistent or recurrent post-surgical disease according to lengthy follow-up studies varies between 1% and 14%.ObjectiveTo determine if there is a subset of patients with cure criteria 6–12 months after parathyroidectomy that would not require long-term foll...

IntroductionThe association of autoimmune, nodular or neoplastic thyroid disease and primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) has been reported in 17 to 84% of cases. In the surgical treatment of PHPT, simultaneous thyroidectomy may be necessary to optimize surgical access and / or when there is abnormal thyroid pathology. On the other hand, an incomplete diagnosis in the previous study of PHPT increases the risk of not removing clinically significant thyroid ...